The Value Investor and Cognitive Biases

콘텐츠

The investment framework of Benjamin Graham — Warren Buffett's mentor — also provides the behavioral framework for making coldly logical financial decisions.

Biases In Investment

There are a number of cognitive biases that hinder the average investor, most of which one is usually completely unaware of.

  • The Availability Heuristic is a type of bias where people make a decision or a judgement based ease of retrievability and recall.
  • The Bandwagon Effect refers to the tendency people have to adopt a certain behavior, style, or attitude simply because everyone else is doing it.
  • The Confirmation Bias involves favoring information that confirms your previously existing beliefs or biases.
  • An Information Bias is believing that the more information that can be acquired to make a decision, the better, even if that extra information is irrelevant for the decision.
  • A Recency Bias is the tendency to weigh recent events more heavily than earlier events.

Buffett On Graham

Graham's final investment text — The Intelligent Investor — was reprinted in 1986 with a preface by Warren Buffett, in which he describes it as "by far the best book about investing ever written".

"This book precisely and clearly prescribes the proper framework. If you follow the behavioral and business principles that Graham advocates... you will not get a poor result from your investments. (That represents more of an accomplishment than you might think.)"

Warren Buffett, Preface (1986): The Intelligent Investor by Benjamin Graham.

Graham's framework therefore provides not only the statistical framework for investment operations, but also the behavioral framework for overcoming one's cognitive biases.

Benjamin Graham

Part of an original Value Investing masterclass by Graham, where he discusses the topic of investor psychology.

Buffett On Biases

Formulas Beat Individuals

A Nobel Laureate in Economic Sciences, Daniel Kahneman explains how formulas based on experience regularly beat individual judgment in situations with weak cues and marginal long-term predictability.

Probability and Statistics

Given below is a good illustration of why statistical frameworks continue to help make sense of seeming chaos.

"While the individual man is an insoluble puzzle, in the aggregate he becomes a mathematical certainty."

William Winwood Reade

링크
https://www.grahamvalue.com/blog/value-investor-and-cognitive-biases
요약하다
The investment framework established by Benjamin Graham, Warren Buffett's mentor, emphasizes the importance of logical financial decision-making while addressing cognitive biases that often hinder investors. Key biases include the Availability Heuristic, Bandwagon Effect, Confirmation Bias, Information Bias, and Recency Bias, which can lead to poor investment choices. Buffett praises Graham's book, 'The Intelligent Investor,' calling it the best investment book ever written, highlighting its clear guidelines for successful investing. He asserts that adhering to Graham's behavioral and business principles can yield positive investment outcomes. Additionally, Nobel Laureate Daniel Kahneman notes that formulas based on experience often outperform individual judgment in uncertain situations. This underscores the value of statistical frameworks in navigating the complexities of investing, suggesting that while individual behavior may be unpredictable, collective patterns can be analyzed mathematically. Overall, Graham's teachings provide both a statistical and behavioral framework to help investors overcome biases and make informed decisions.