The pharaohs of Ancient Egypt were not only political and religious leaders, but they were also seen as gods or demigods. Here is a list of some famous Egyptian pharaohs, along with interesting facts about them:
Ancient Dynastic Period
Dynasty 1: Narmer (Menes), Hor-Aha, Djer, Djet, Den, Anedjib, Semerkhet, Qa’a
Dynasty 2: Hotepsekhemwy, Raneb, Nynetjer, Weneg, Senedj, Seth-Peribsen, Khasekhemwy
Narmer (Menes)
: Often credited with the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt around 3100 BC, Narmer is sometimes considered the first pharaoh of unified Egypt. The Narmer Palette is a significant archaeological discovery that shows this unification.
Ancient Kingdom
Dynasty 3: Djoser, Sekhemkhet, Sanakht, Khaba, Huni Dynasty 4: Sneferu, Khufu (Cheops), Djedefre, Khafre (Chephren), Menkaure, Shepseskaf Dynasty 5: Userkaf, Sahure, Neferirkare Kakai, Shepseskare, Neferefre, Nyuserre Ini, Menkauhor, Djedkare Isesi, Unas
Dynasty 6: Teti, Userkare, Pepi I, Merenre I, Pepi II, Merenre II, Nitocris
Djoser:
Famoso per aver commissionato la Piramide a Gradoni di Saqqara, progettata dal suo architetto Imhotep, considerata il primo grande edificio in pietra dell’Egitto.
Interim Period
Dynasty 7/8: (Poor documentation) Dynasty 9/10: (Eracleopolitan kings, poor documentation)
Dynasty 11: Mentuhotep I, Intef I, Intef II, Intef III, Mentuhotep II, Mentuhotep III, Mentuhotep IV
Mentuhotep_II: He reigned for 51 years and managed to reunify the 2 lands of Egypt, just as Narmer had done before him.
Medium Kingdom
Dynasty 12: Amenemhat I, Senusret I, Amenemhat II, Senusret II, Senusret III, Amenemhat III, Amenemhat IV, Sobekneferu
Amenemhat III: He reigned for at least 45 years, building two pyramids for himself, one at Dahshour known as the black pyramid and one at Hawara, during his lifetime he had many military campaigns.
Second Intermediate Period
Dynasty 13: (Numerous kings with short reigns, scarce documentation) Dynasty 14: (Scarce documentation) Dynasty 15: The Hittite kings such as Salitis, Khyan, Apophis
Dynasty 16/17: (Local rulers of Thebes, scarce documentation)
New Kingdom
Dynasty 18: Ahmose I, Amenhotep I, Thutmose I, Thutmose II, Hatshepsut, Thutmose III, Amenhotep II, Thutmose IV, Amenhotep III, Akhenaton, Smenkhkare, Tutankhamun, Ay, Horemheb Dynasty 19: Ramesses I, Seti I, Ramesses II, Merneptah, Amenmesse, Seti II, Siptah, Twosret
Dynasty 20: Setnakhte, Ramesses III, Ramesses IV, Ramesses V, Ramesses VI, Ramesses VII, Ramesses VIII, Ramesses IX, Ramesses X, Ramesses XI
Hatshepsut:
Una delle poche faraone donne, Hatshepsut è conosciuta per il suo regno prospero e i suoi ambiziosi progetti edilizi, inclusa la sua piramide mortuaria a Deir el-Bahri.
Third Intermediate Period
Dynasty 21: Smendes, Amenemnisu, Psusennes I, Amenemope, Osorkon the Elder, Siamun, Psusennes II Dynasty 22: Shoshenq I, Osorkon I, Takelot I, Osorkon II, Shoshenq II, Takelot II, Shoshenq III, Pami, Shoshenq IV, Osorkon III, Shoshenq V Dynasty 23: (Overlap with Dynasty 22, poor documentation)
Dynasty 24: Tefnakht, Bakenranef
Psusennes_II: The reign of Psusennes II lasted 24 years and an intact tomb full of silver and gold was found for him in Tanis, known as the “silver king.”
Late Period
Dynasty 25: (Nubian/Kushite Dynasty) Piye, Shabaka, Shebitku, Taharqa, Tantamani Dynasty 26: Psamtik I, Necho II, Psamtik II, Apries, Amasis II, Psamtik III Dynasty 27: (First Persian Period) Cambyses II, Darius I, Xerxes I, Artaxerxes I, Darius II Dynasty 28: Amyrtaeus Dynasty 29: Nepherites I, Achoris, Psammuthes, Nepherites II Dynasty 30: Nectanebo I, Teos, Nectanebo II
Dynasty 31: (Second Persian Period)
This list includes many of the key figures in the history of Ancient Egypt. These pharaohs, among many others, played crucial roles in the history and culture of ancient Egypt, leaving legacies that continue to intrigue historians and archaeologists today.
If you want to discover more and learn about the fascinating history of Egypt, take a look at this link here for the pharaohs' tours.
Scritto da ATW September 2024